Deforestation is certainly a common thing in Indonesia, several studies conducted by NGOs or research institutions shows a decrease trending in the amount of forest area which is quite worst in recent decades. A study ever conducted by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and even put Indonesia as one of the countries producing the largest greenhouse gas emissions in Southeast Asia. 12% of total greenhouse gas emissions produced in Southeast Asia by 58% is contributed from Indonesia. Greenhouse gas emissions produced by Indonesia commonly comes from two main sectors, namely forestry and energy sectors. Forestry sector accounted for 75%, while the energy sector, transport, and others accounted for the remaining 25%.
The amount of the production of greenhouse gas emissions is certainly very reasonable, according to the State of the World Forests 2007 released The UN Food and Agriculture Organizations (FAO), deforestation rate in Indonesia during the period of 5 years from 2000 to 2005 is of 1.8 million hectares / year, equivalent to 2% per year. The magnitude of the rate of deforestation in Indonesia became one of the strong evidence supporting the ADB study results, because in another study conducted by the Open University (Deforestation Carbon Triggers Collapse of Tropical Peat lands, published in the Nature Journal, 01.31.2013) found that peat land clearance (deforestation) in tropical regions resulted in the release of carbon from the soil and release CO2 into the atmosphere.
Destructive logging is a process of forest destruction on a large scale where the impact of forest destruction can be categorized as legal logging and illegal logging, and disaster. Legal logging in Indonesia is carried out through the clearing of natural forest and peat land massively to clear land for oil palm plantations, pulp and paper, and mining operations in protected forest areas, while illegal logging is done through illegal logging and forest clearance for land without permission. This destruction processes result in deforestation, which not only affects the magnitude of the production of greenhouse gas emissions, but also some other effects, such as floods, droughts, erosion, landslides, sedimentation and also social problems, namely the exclusion of local communities living in the and around forests. A Professor of the Faculty of Forestry, Bogor, Prof. Dr. Hadi S. Alikodra even mention that the avian influenza that has claimed dozens of lives Indonesian people a few years ago cannot be separated from the high deforestation in the country.
The amount of losses to be borne by the people of Indonesia as a result of various disasters that climate change would intensify, pushing the various parties, both the NGOs, research institutes and even environmentalists to press the government to conduct a review of the moratorium established through Presidential Instruction No. 10 / 2011. Forest moratorium should be organized so that government regulation could organize Indonesian land well. This message was delivered by Jefri Gideon, Executive Director of Sawit Watch in a discussion entitled "Moratorium Profitable For Forest and Indonesian Palm Oil" (Tuesday, 03/19/2013) in Jakarta.
How well is the moratorium able to restructure the Indonesian jungle?
The main problem is not only in the governance of legal logging has been done for the pulp and paper industry. I agree with the moratorium as a foundation to protect our forests. In addition to permit tightening of forest concessions (HPH) governments also have a great responsibility to discipline people who destroy the forest ecosystem. It needs a careful planning for subsequent moratorium, not only that the government should improve itself by synergizing and coordinating each agency having an interest in Indonesian forests.
A breakthrough that I think would be right to be done by our president is a synergizing the map. So far, our country has so many kind of map. The map for one sector to another was deferent. It made conflict due to a permit system done by central government. How could the map of forestry deferent with map of the spatial planning. So that land use conflicts related to forest just a lot going on, such as oil land disputes between local comunity with the oil companies. Given a map as a basis for land use planning, including the status and permit beneficiaries, then there will be no difference in the view of the function of a particular land.
But it is unfortunate that its break only on the map. If the government wants to act more effectively and efficiently, not only should his thrust on one map, but also a plan. So far the government has issued a very large cost to construct the spatial plans ranging from the national level (RTRWN) until a detailed plan at the district level (RDTR). Utilizing this planning product as a basic guideline for the use of land in whole Indonesia, then there will be no conflict of interest and disagreements over a particular region. By implementing a plan, a map, and a moratorium on the government have done 3 steps forward to restructure the Indonesian forests. Other thing that then needs to be done is to improve the monitoring and enforcement of violations and abuse of land use. By doing studies and improvements to the moratorium, the determination of the maps and plans, the government choose for "through highway" instead of "street gang" in solving the problem of deforestation which has weighed on the nation of Indonesia.
The amount of the production of greenhouse gas emissions is certainly very reasonable, according to the State of the World Forests 2007 released The UN Food and Agriculture Organizations (FAO), deforestation rate in Indonesia during the period of 5 years from 2000 to 2005 is of 1.8 million hectares / year, equivalent to 2% per year. The magnitude of the rate of deforestation in Indonesia became one of the strong evidence supporting the ADB study results, because in another study conducted by the Open University (Deforestation Carbon Triggers Collapse of Tropical Peat lands, published in the Nature Journal, 01.31.2013) found that peat land clearance (deforestation) in tropical regions resulted in the release of carbon from the soil and release CO2 into the atmosphere.
Destructive logging is a process of forest destruction on a large scale where the impact of forest destruction can be categorized as legal logging and illegal logging, and disaster. Legal logging in Indonesia is carried out through the clearing of natural forest and peat land massively to clear land for oil palm plantations, pulp and paper, and mining operations in protected forest areas, while illegal logging is done through illegal logging and forest clearance for land without permission. This destruction processes result in deforestation, which not only affects the magnitude of the production of greenhouse gas emissions, but also some other effects, such as floods, droughts, erosion, landslides, sedimentation and also social problems, namely the exclusion of local communities living in the and around forests. A Professor of the Faculty of Forestry, Bogor, Prof. Dr. Hadi S. Alikodra even mention that the avian influenza that has claimed dozens of lives Indonesian people a few years ago cannot be separated from the high deforestation in the country.
The amount of losses to be borne by the people of Indonesia as a result of various disasters that climate change would intensify, pushing the various parties, both the NGOs, research institutes and even environmentalists to press the government to conduct a review of the moratorium established through Presidential Instruction No. 10 / 2011. Forest moratorium should be organized so that government regulation could organize Indonesian land well. This message was delivered by Jefri Gideon, Executive Director of Sawit Watch in a discussion entitled "Moratorium Profitable For Forest and Indonesian Palm Oil" (Tuesday, 03/19/2013) in Jakarta.
How well is the moratorium able to restructure the Indonesian jungle?
The main problem is not only in the governance of legal logging has been done for the pulp and paper industry. I agree with the moratorium as a foundation to protect our forests. In addition to permit tightening of forest concessions (HPH) governments also have a great responsibility to discipline people who destroy the forest ecosystem. It needs a careful planning for subsequent moratorium, not only that the government should improve itself by synergizing and coordinating each agency having an interest in Indonesian forests.
A breakthrough that I think would be right to be done by our president is a synergizing the map. So far, our country has so many kind of map. The map for one sector to another was deferent. It made conflict due to a permit system done by central government. How could the map of forestry deferent with map of the spatial planning. So that land use conflicts related to forest just a lot going on, such as oil land disputes between local comunity with the oil companies. Given a map as a basis for land use planning, including the status and permit beneficiaries, then there will be no difference in the view of the function of a particular land.
But it is unfortunate that its break only on the map. If the government wants to act more effectively and efficiently, not only should his thrust on one map, but also a plan. So far the government has issued a very large cost to construct the spatial plans ranging from the national level (RTRWN) until a detailed plan at the district level (RDTR). Utilizing this planning product as a basic guideline for the use of land in whole Indonesia, then there will be no conflict of interest and disagreements over a particular region. By implementing a plan, a map, and a moratorium on the government have done 3 steps forward to restructure the Indonesian forests. Other thing that then needs to be done is to improve the monitoring and enforcement of violations and abuse of land use. By doing studies and improvements to the moratorium, the determination of the maps and plans, the government choose for "through highway" instead of "street gang" in solving the problem of deforestation which has weighed on the nation of Indonesia.
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